126-98-7 Usage
Description
Methacrylonitrile, also known as Methylacrylonitrile, is a clear, colorless liquid with an odor similar to bitter almonds. It is less dense than water, has a flash point of 55°F, and a boiling point of 195°F. Methacrylonitrile is highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption, requiring special attention to ventilation and frequent estimations of the poison present.
Uses
Used in Chemical Industry:
Methacrylonitrile is used as an intermediate in the preparation of acids, amides, amines, esters, and nitriles for various chemical applications.
Used in Plastics and Coatings Industry:
Methacrylonitrile is used to make plastics and coatings, contributing to the production of various consumer and industrial products.
Used in Toxicology Research:
This study reports the toxicity and metabolism of Methacrylonitrile in normal male Sprague-Dawley rats and those pre-treated with caffeine, alcohol, or both. The results suggest that caffeine inhibits and alcohol enhances the toxicity and metabolism of Methacrylonitrile, providing valuable insights into its potential health effects.
Used in Polymer Industry:
Methacrylonitrile is used in the preparation of homopolymers and copolymers, which are essential components in the manufacturing of various plastics and materials with specific properties.
Production Methods
Methyl acrylonitrile can be derived from isobutyraldehyde.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
METHACRYLONITRILE is a colorless, flammable, toxic liquid. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. When heated to decomposition Methacrylonitrile emits toxic fumes of nitrile and oxides of nitrogen [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 829].
Hazard
Flammable. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation,
and skin absorption.
Health Hazard
A lacrimator (causes tearing); an insidious poison which causes delayed skin reactions. Very readily absorbed through skin. Highly toxic.
Health Hazard
Methylacrylonitrile is a moderate to severe acute toxicant. The degree of toxicity varied with toxic routes and species. Inhalation, ingestion, and skin application on test subjects produced convulsion. Exposure to high concentrations can result in asphyxia and death. The lethal concentrations varied among species from 50 to 400 ppm over a 4- hour exposure period. The clinical symptoms observed in rats suggested a toxic activity of metabolically formed cyanide (Peter and Bolt 1985). This finding was in contrast with acrylonitrile toxicity in the same species, where formation of metabolic cyanide played a minor role. Methylacrylonitrile is a mild skin and eye irritant. However, it is readily absorbed by skin. It showed delayed skin reaction. In mice, the lethal dose from intraperitoneal administration was 15 mg/kg. The oral toxicity due to this compound was also relatively high; an LD50 of 11.6 mg/kg was determined in mice. There is no report of its mutagenic, teratogenic, or carcinogenic actions in animals or humans. 4-Dimethylaminophenol plus sodium thiosulfate or Nacetylcystein was shown to antagonize the acute toxicity of methylacrylonitrile (Peter and Bolt 1985).
Fire Hazard
Methacrylonitrile evolves flammable concentrations of vapor at temperatures down to 55.04F. Thus, at room temperatures, flammable concentrations are liable to be present. Toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides are released when the material burns. Also, the chemical will explode due to its tendency to polymerize violently. Avoid heat. Hazardous polymerization may occur.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
inhalation, skin contact, and intraperitoneal
routes. An eye irritant. A dangerous fire
hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or
sparks. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-. See also
NITRILES.
Potential Exposure
This material is used as a monomer
in the preparation of polymeric coatings and elastomers
Shipping
UN3079 Methacrylonitrile, stabilized, Labels:
6.1; Hazard class: 6.1, 3-Flammable liquid, Inhalation
Hazard Zone B.
Purification Methods
Wash it with saturated aqueous NaHSO3 (to remove inhibitors such as p-tert-butylcatechol), 1% NaOH in saturated NaCl and then with saturated NaCl. Dry it with CaCl2 and fractionally distil it under nitrogen to separate it from impurities such as methacrolein and acetone. [Beilstein 2 IV 1539.]
Incompatibilities
May form explosive mixture with air.
Methacrylonitrile evolves flammable concentrations of
vapor at temperatures down to 12.8C. Thus, at room temperatures, flammable concentrations are liable to be present. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,
peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkali,
and light. Heat sensitive; polymerization may occur due
to elevated temperature, visible light, or contact with
a concentrated alkali. Note: Typically contains 50 pm of monoethyl ether hydroquinone (662-62-8) as an inhibitor
to prevent polymerization.
Waste Disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Add
alcoholic NaOH, then oxidize with sodium hypochlorite.
After reaction, flush to sewer with water
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 126-98-7 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 1,2 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 126-98:
(5*1)+(4*2)+(3*6)+(2*9)+(1*8)=57
57 % 10 = 7
So 126-98-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C4H5N/c1-4(2)3-5/h1H2,2H3
126-98-7Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and properties of bis(biphenyl)chromium(i) 1,4-di(2- cyanoisopropyl)-1,4-dihydrofulleride and 1-(2-cyanoisopropyl)-1,2- dihydrofullerene
Markin,Shevelev,Domrachev,Fukin,Baranov,Lopatin,Kuropatov,Kirillov,Shavyrin,Kurskii
, p. 1970 - 1974 (2008)
Radical-ion salts bis(biphenyl)chromium(i) 1,4-di(2-cyanoisopropyl)-1,4- dihydrofulleride [(Ph2)2Cr]+?[1,4- (CMe2CN)2C60]-? and bis(biphenyl)chromium(i) 1-(2-cyanoisopropyl)-1,2-
-
Gotkis,Cloke
, p. 2710 (1934)
-
Manganese(I)-Catalyzed H-P Bond Activation via Metal-Ligand Cooperation
Pérez, Juana M.,Postolache, Roxana,Casti?eira Reis, Marta,Sinnema, Esther G.,Vargová, Denisa,De Vries, Folkert,Otten, Edwin,Ge, Luo,Harutyunyan, Syuzanna R.
supporting information, p. 20071 - 20076 (2021/12/03)
Here we report that chiral Mn(I) complexes are capable of H-P bond activation. This activation mode enables a general method for the hydrophosphination of internal and terminal α,β-unsaturated nitriles. Metal-ligand cooperation, a strategy previously not considered for catalytic H-P bond activation, is at the base of the mechanistic action of the Mn(I)-based catalyst. Our computational studies support a stepwise mechanism for the hydrophosphination and provide insight into the origin of the enantioselectivity.
The Effect of Viscosity on the Diffusion and Termination Reaction of Organic Radical Pairs
Li, Xiaopei,Ogihara, Tasuku,Abe, Manabu,Nakamura, Yasuyuki,Yamago, Shigeru
, p. 9846 - 9850 (2019/07/10)
The effect of viscosity on the diffusion efficiency (Fdif) of an organic radical pair in a solvent cage and the termination mechanism, that is, the selectivity of disproportionation (Disp) and combination (Comb) of the geminated caged radical pair and the diffused radicals encountered, were investigated quantitatively by following the photolysis of dimethyl 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionate) (V-601) in the absence and presence of PhSD. Fdif and Disp/Comb selectivity outside the cage [Disp(dif)/Comb(dif)] are highly sensitive to the viscosity. In contrast, the Disp/Comb selectivity inside the cage [Disp(cage)/Comb(cage)] is rather insensitive. The difference in viscosity dependence between Disp(cage)/Comb(cage) and Disp(dif)/Comb(dif) is explained by the spin state of the radical pair inside and outside the cage and the spin state dependent configurational changes of the radical pair upon their collision. Given that the configurational change of the radicals associates the displacement and reorganization of solvents around the radicals, the termination outside the cage, which requires larger change than that inside the cage, is highly viscosity dependent. Furthermore, while the bulk viscosity of each solvent shows good correlation with Fdif and Disp/Comb selectivity, microviscosity is the better parameter predicting Fdif and Disp(dif)/Comb(dif) selectivity regardless of the solvents.
