17702-41-9 Usage
Description
Decaborane, also known as decaborane(14), is a colorless solid with a bitter odor and an intense, bitter, chocolate-like smell. It exists in the form of white crystals or colorless crystalline needles. Decaborane is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications across different industries due to its unique chemical properties.
Uses
Used in Rocket Propellants:
Decaborane is used as a component in rocket propellants for its high energy density and ability to improve the performance of the propellant. It serves as a fuel that burns efficiently and provides a significant boost to the rocket's thrust.
Used in Olefin Polymerization (Chemical Industry):
Decaborane is utilized as a catalyst in the polymerization of olefins, a process that involves the conversion of olefins into polymers. Its catalytic properties enable the production of various types of plastics and synthetic materials, making it an essential component in the chemical industry.
Used as a Boron Source in Ion-Implantation Processes (Semiconductor Industry):
Decaborane serves as a boron source in ion-implantation processes, which are used to modify the electrical properties of semiconductor materials. This application is crucial in the manufacturing of electronic devices and components, such as transistors and integrated circuits.
Used as a Rubber Vulcanizer (Rubber Industry):
In the rubber industry, decaborane is employed as a vulcanizer, a substance that promotes the cross-linking of rubber molecules. This process enhances the rubber's strength, elasticity, and durability, making it suitable for various applications, such as tires, hoses, and seals.
Used to Coat Metals with Corrosion-Resistant Boron (Metal Coating Industry):
Decaborane is used to coat metals with a layer of corrosion-resistant boron, protecting them from environmental factors that may cause degradation. This application is particularly useful in the automotive, aerospace, and construction industries, where materials are exposed to harsh conditions.
Used in the Manufacture of Plastics (Plastics Industry):
Decaborane plays a role in the production of various types of plastics, thanks to its involvement in olefin polymerization. The resulting plastics are used in a wide range of products, from packaging materials to consumer goods.
Used as an Oxygen Scavenger (Industrial Applications):
Decaborane is employed as an oxygen scavenger, a substance that removes oxygen from a system to prevent oxidation and corrosion. This property makes it useful in various industrial applications, such as the preservation of fuels, lubricants, and other materials that are sensitive to oxygen.
Used in Mothproofing (Textile Industry):
Decaborane is utilized in the textile industry for mothproofing, as it helps protect fabrics from damage caused by moths and other insects. Its effectiveness in repelling these pests makes it a valuable addition to the textile industry.
Used in Dye-Stripping (Textile Industry):
In the textile industry, decaborane is also used for dye-stripping, a process that removes dyes from fabrics. This application allows for the recycling and reuse of textiles, reducing waste and promoting sustainability.
Used as a Reducing and Fluxing Agent (Metallurgy):
Decaborane is employed as a reducing and fluxing agent in metallurgy, where it helps to lower the melting point of metal oxides and facilitate the removal of impurities. This property is essential in the production of high-quality metals and alloys.
Used as a Stabilizer and Rayon Delustrant (Textile Industry):
In the textile industry, decaborane is used as a stabilizer and rayon delustrant, improving the quality and appearance of synthetic fibers. Its ability to reduce the shine of rayon fibers makes it a valuable component in the production of various textile products.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. DECABORANE may spontaneously ignite upon exposure to air. Slightly soluble in cold water [Merck].
Reactivity Profile
DECABORANE forms impact-sensitive mixtures with halocarbons (carbon tetrachloride) or with ethers (dioxane). DECABORANE ignites in oxygen at 100° C. When heated to decomposition DECABORANE emits toxic fumes of boron oxides [Hawthorne, M. F., Inorg. Synth., 1967, 10, p. 93]. DECABORANE may form an explosive mixture with dimethyl sulfoxide [Shriver, 1969, p. 209]. DECABORANE reacts with amides, acetone, butyraldehyde, and acetonitrile at room temperature [Merck].
Health Hazard
May cause death or permanent injury after very short exposure to small quantities. Produces marked irritation of skin and mucous membranes. May cause liver injury.
Health Hazard
Decaborane is a highly toxic compoundby all routes of administration. Its toxicityis somewhat greater than that of diborane.The acute toxic symptoms in humans frominhalation of its vapors could be headache,nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and lightheadedness.In severe poisoning, muscle spasmand convulsion may occur. Symptoms of toxicitymay appear 1 or 2 days after exposure,and the recovery is slow. An LC50value for mice from a 40- hour exposure was12 ppm. Ingestion can cause spasm, tremor, andconvulsion. It can be absorbed through theskin, producing drowsiness and loss of coordination.Toxic effects from skin absorption,however, are relatively moderate. LD50 value, oral (mice): 41 mg/kg LD50 value, skin (rats): 740 mg/kg .
Fire Hazard
DECABORANE mixed with carbon tetrachloride is dangerously shock sensitive. DECABORANE reacts slowly with air but when mixed with air or oxygen, DECABORANE becomes highly flammable and may explode. DECABORANE undergoes an explosive reaction with most oxidizing agents including halogenated hydrocarbons. DECABORANE may give off toxic fumes of unburned material. When heated to decomposition, DECABORANE emits toxic fumes of boron oxides. Incompatible with ethers; halocarbons; oxygen at 212F; dimethyl sulfoxide, most oxidizing agents, including halogenated hydrocarbons. DECABORANE is corrosive to natural rubber, some synthetic rubbers, some greases, and some lubricants. Normally stable, but becomes unstable at elevated temperature and pressure. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.
Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation,
ingestion, sktn contact, and intraperitoneal
routes. Ignites in O2 at 100°C. Forms
impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with
ethers (e.g., dioxane) and halocarbons (e.g.,
carbon tetrachloride). Incompatible with
dimethyl sulfoxide. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of boron
oxides. See also BORON COMPOUNDS
and BORANES.
Potential Exposure
Decaborane is used as a catalyst in
olefin polymerization; in rocket propellants; in gasoline
additives and as a vulcanizing agent for rubber.
Shipping
UN1868 Decaborane, Hazard Class: 4.1; Labels:
4.1-Flammable solid, 6.1-Poisonous materials
Purification Methods
Purify decaborane by vacuum sublimation at 80o/0.1mm, followed by crystallisation from methylcyclohexane, CH2Cl2, or dry olefin-free-n-pentane, the solvent being subsequently removed by storing the crystals in a vacuum desiccator containing CaCl2. It is soluble in H2O but is slowly decomposed to give H2. It is soluble in alkali, and on acidification it liberates H2. TOXIC. [Greenwood in Comprehensive Chemistry (Ed Bailar et al.) Pergamon Press Vol 1 pp 818-837 1973.]
Incompatibilities
May ignite spontaneously on exposure
to air. Decomposes slowly in hot water. Incompatible
with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanga-
nates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); con-
tact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from
alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids,
epoxides, and oxygenated solvents; dimethyl sulfoxide
(reaction may be violent), oxygen @ .100
C). Carbon
tetrachloride, ethers, halocarbons, halogenated com-
pounds form shock-sensitive mixtures. Attacks some plas-
tics, rubber, and coatings.
Waste Disposal
Incineration with aqueous
scrubbing of exhaust gases to remove B2O3 particulates.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 17702-41-9 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,7,7,0 and 2 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 17702-41:
(7*1)+(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*0)+(3*2)+(2*4)+(1*1)=99
99 % 10 = 9
So 17702-41-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/B10H12/c1-3-5-7-9-10-8-6-4-2/h3-10H,1-2H2
17702-41-9Relevant articles and documents
Leach, John B.,Toft, Mark A.,Himpsl, Francis L.,Shore, Sheldon G.
, p. 988 - 989 (1981)
Synthesis of Decaborane by the Reaction of Sodium Undecaborate with Mild Organic Oxidants
Belov,Storozhenko,Voloshina,Kuznetsova
, p. 1804 - 1809 (2017)
New organic oxidants (aldehydes and ketones) allowing efficient synthesis of decaborane in a high yield via intermediate alkali metal salt were found. The sodium undecaborate oxidation process was refined, and new reaction stoichiometry was suggested.
Improved synthetic route to n-B18H22
Li, Yuqi,Sneddon, Larry G.
, p. 470 - 471 (2006)
Simple iodine oxidation of the B9H12- anion in toluene at room temperature reliably gives excellent yields (～80%) of n-B18H22 (anti-B18H22) and thus provides a convenient, large-scale, safe route to this important polyborane cluster.
Kinetic studies of reactions of hexaborane(10) with other binary boranes in the gas phase
Attwood, Martin D.,Greatrex, Robert,Greenwood, Norman N.,Potter, Christopher D.
, p. 144 - 152 (2007/10/03)
Cothermolysis reactions of B6H10 with the binary boranes B2H6, B4H10, B5H9, and B5H11 have been studied by a quantitative mass-spectrometric technique to gain insight into the role of B6H10 in borane interconversion reactions. Except in the B6H10-B5H9 system the initial rate of consumption of B6H10 was found to be considerably more rapid than in the thermolysis of B6H10 alone, indicating that interactions were occuring. Detailed kinetic studies of the B6H10-B2H6 and B6H10-B4H10 reactions showed that the rate of consumption of B6H10 was governed in each case by the rate-determining step in the decomposition of the co-reactant, the orders being 3/2 with respect to B2H6 and 1 with respect to B4H10; a considerable increase in the conversion of B6H10 to B10H14 at the expense of polymeric solids was also observed. Added hydrogen was found to have very little effect on the reaction rates and product distributions in the cothermolysis reactions, in marked contrast to its effect on the reactions of B2H6 and B4H10 alone. The kinetic results are entirely consistent with earlier suggestion, based on qualitative observations, that the reactive intermediates {B3H7} and {B4H8} are scavenged by reactions with B6H10, and suggest strongly that this borane, unlike B6H12, plays a pivotal role in the build-up to B10H14 and other higher boranes.
A Kinetic Study of the Gas-phase Thermolysis of Pentaborane(11)
Attwood, Martin D.,Greatrex, Robert,Greenwood, Norman N.
, p. 385 - 390 (2007/10/02)
The kinetics of thermal decomposition of pentaborane(11) have been investigated by a mass-spectrometric technique in the pressure range 1.75-10.50 mmHg and temperature range 40-150 deg C.In conditioned Pyrex vessels the reaction was shown to occur by a homogeneous gas-phase process according to the first-order initial-rate low -d/dt=1.3*107 exp(-72600/RT).The main volatile products are H2 and B2H6, the latter appearing at the rate of ca. 0.5 mol per mol of B5H11 consumed.Pentaborane (9) is also produced, at less than half the rate of B2H6, together with even smaller amounts of hexaboranes and B10H14, and traces of B4H10; some 40-45percent of the boron is converted into involatile solid hydride BHx, where x varies from ca. 2.0 at 40 deg C to ca. 1.1 at 150 deg C.No obvious dependence on temperature was detected in the overall distribution of boron between volatiles and solid, but the production of B5H9 was favoured at higher temperatures.Mechanistic implications of these results are discussed.
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