34321-81-8

Basic information

• Product Name: Mal-PEG2-alcohol
• Synonyms: Mal-PEG2-alcohol;Mal-PEG2-OH
• CAS NO: 34321-81-8
• Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₁NO₄
• Molecular Weight: 185.17724
• Mol File: 34321-81-8.mol
• Article Data: 10

Chemical Properties

• Boiling Point: 361.7±22.0 °C(Predicted)
• Appearance: /
• Density: 1.317±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
• PKA: 14.35±0.10(Predicted)
• CAS DataBase Reference: Mal-PEG2-alcohol(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Mal-PEG2-alcohol(34321-81-8)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Mal-PEG2-alcohol(34321-81-8)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 34321-81-8(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Mal-PEG2-alcohol is a PEG (polyethylene glycol) linker that features a maleimide group and a hydroxyl group. This molecule is designed to enhance solubility in aqueous environments due to its hydrophilic PEG spacer. The presence of a hydroxyl group allows for further chemical modifications, enabling the attachment or substitution with other reactive functional groups. The maleimide group is particularly noteworthy, as it can react with a thiol group to form a stable covalent bond. This characteristic makes Mal-PEG2-alcohol a versatile tool for connecting biomolecules that possess a thiol group, facilitating its use in various applications across different industries.

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Mal-PEG2-alcohol is used as a molecular linker for improving the solubility and stability of therapeutic biomolecules. Its ability to form covalent bonds with thiol groups allows for the attachment of drugs or other bioactive molecules to the PEG chain, potentially enhancing their pharmacokinetic properties and reducing immunogenicity.
Used in Drug Delivery Systems:
In the field of drug delivery, Mal-PEG2-alcohol serves as a key component in the design of targeted drug carriers. The maleimide group can be utilized to attach drug molecules or targeting ligands to the PEGylated carrier, enabling selective delivery to specific cells or tissues. This targeted approach can improve the efficacy of the drug and reduce side effects.
Used in Bioconjugation:
Mal-PEG2-alcohol is used as a bioconjugation agent to covalently link biomolecules, such as proteins or peptides, with a thiol group to other molecules or surfaces. This can be particularly useful in the development of biosensors, immobilized enzymes, or antibody-drug conjugates.
Used in Cosmetics Industry:
In the cosmetics industry, Mal-PEG2-alcohol is used as a solubility enhancer for hydrophobic active ingredients. The hydrophilic PEG spacer can improve the dispersion and stability of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, ensuring their effectiveness and ease of application.
Used in Diagnostics:
Mal-PEG2-alcohol can be employed in the development of diagnostic tools, such as imaging agents or affinity reagents. The ability to form covalent bonds with thiol-containing biomolecules allows for the creation of stable conjugates that can be used for detecting specific targets in biological samples.

Upstream product

• 55750-48-6 N-methoxycarbonylmaleimide 
• 929-06-6 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol 
• 916852-34-1 N-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]-exo-3,6-epoxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide 
• 55750-49-7 N-ethoxycarbonylmaleinimide 

Downstream Products

• 1345681-52-8 maleimide-OEG₂-val-cit-PABA-PNP 
• 97725-90-1 4-<2-Diaethylphosphono-vinyl>-cyclohexen-1-phosphonsaeure-(3)-diaethylester 
• 1050217-24-7 2-dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonylsulfanyl-2-methylpropionic acid maleimido ethoxyethyl ester 
• 872356-56-4 1-[2-(2-{(2S,3S,4S,6R)-3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-6-[(1S,3S)-3,5,12-trihydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-acetyl)-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydro-naphthacen-1-yloxy]-tetrahydro-pyran-4-ylamino}-ethoxy)-ethyl]-pyrrole-2,5-dione 

Relevant articles and documents

In situ preparation of protein - "Smart" polymer conjugates with retention of bioactivity

Protein-polymer conjugates are widely used in biotechnology and medicine, and new methods to prepare the bioconjugates would be advantageous for these applications. In this report, we demonstrate that bioactive "smart" polymer conjugates can be synthesized by polymerizing from defined initiation sites on proteins, thus preparing the polymer conjugates in situ. In particular, free cysteines, Cys-34 of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Cys-131 of T4 lysozyme V131C, were modified with initiators for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) either through a reversible disulfide linkage or irreversible bond by reaction with pyridyl disulfide- and maleimide-functionalized initiators, respectively. Initiator conjugation was verified by electrospray-ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS), and the location of the modification was confirmed by μLC-MSMS (tandem mass spectrometry) analysis of the trypsin-digested protein macroinitiators. Polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) from the protein macroinitiators resulted in thermosensitive BSA-polyNIPAAm and lysozyme-polyNIPAAm in greater than 65% yield. The resultant conjugates were characterized by gel electrophoresis and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and easily purified by preparative SEC. The identity of polymer isolated from the BSA conjugate was confirmed by 1H NMR, and the polydispersity index was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) to be as low as 1.34. Lytic activities of the lysozyme conjugates were determined by two standard assays and compared to that of the unmodified enzyme prior to polymerization; no statistical differences in bioactivity were observed.

Novel silyl ether-based acid-cleavable antibody-MMAE conjugates with appropriate stability and efficacy

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a novel efficient drug delivery system that has been successfully used in clinical practice, and it has become a research hotspot in the anti-tumor drug field. Acid-cleavable linkers were first used in clinical ADCs, but their structural variety (e.g., hydrazone and carbonate) is still limited, and their stability is usually insufficient. Designing novel acid-cleavable linkers for the conjugation of the popular cytotoxin monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) has always been a significant topic. In this paper, we generate a novel, silyl ether-based acid-cleavable antibody-MMAE conjugate, which skillfully achieves efficient combination of amino-conjugated MMAE with the acid-triggered silyl ether group by introducing p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (PHB). The stability, acid-dependence cleavage, effective mechanism, efficacy and safety of the resulting ADC were systematically studied; the results show that it exhibits a significant improvement in stability, while maintaining appropriate efficacy and controlled therapeutic toxicity. This strategy is expected to expand a new type of acid-cleavable linkers for the development of ADCs with highly potent payloads.

RELEASABLE CONJUGATES

The present application provides compounds of Formula (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein D is a residue of a biologically active drug, which underdo hydrolysis under physiological conditions to release the biologically active drug and which are useful in the treatment of disorders that could be beneficially treated with the drug.

CELL PROLIFERATION INHIBITORS AND CONJUGATES THEREOF

Disclosed herein are immunoconjugates comprising an inhibitor of Eg5 linked to an antigen binding moiety such as an antibody, useful for treating cell proliferative disorders. Also disclosed are novel inhibitors of Eg5 that can be used either alone or as part of an immunoconjugate to treat cell proliferation disorders. The Eg5 inhibitors include compounds of this formula as described herein: [insert last structure from page 68 here] The invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and immunoconjugates, optionally including a therapeutic co-agent, and methods to use these compounds, conjugates and compositions for treating cell proliferation disorders.