6514-05-2Relevant articles and documents
Indole cleavage with mebhydroline by sodium periodate - Part 2. Mechanism of the dilactam formation
Moehrle,Rohn,Westle
, p. 391 - 399 (2007/10/03)
The γ-carbolines 1a-d reacted with periodate by loss of one carbon - without available precursors - to the eight-membered dilactams 3a-c and the amino acid 9d. As possible intermediates of an indole cleavage α-aminoketones as models were examined. While the oxidation of chain-formed 13 afforded only a small amount of C-lost amide 23, the cyclic species 24 and 32 gave rise to considerably higher yields of the corresponding lactams 29 and 36. From the benzazepinone 32 with Hg(II)-EDTA the intermediate product 43, containing all genuine C-atoms, was formed, which could quantitatively cleaved by periodate to the lactam 36 and formic acid. This mechanism can be transferred to the reactions of the γ-carbolines 1a-d.
Fragmentation of Laudanosine by Single Electron Transfer Reactions
Yamada, Shuzo,Tanaka, Tsuyoshi,Akiyama, Shinichi,Ohashi, Mamoru
, p. 449 - 450 (2007/10/02)
The radical cation of laudanosine, formed by a photoinduced electron transfer reaction or by oxidation with a tris(4-bromophenyl)aminium salt, undergoes cleavage of a C-C bond similar to the mass spectrometric fragmentation induced by electron ionization.
Hofmann Degradation of β-Hydroxy Ammonium Salts. α- and β-Hydroxylaudanosine, 7-Hydroxyglaucine, and 13-Hydroxyxylopinine
Wert, Kathleen L.,Chackalamannil, Samuel,Miller, Eric,Dalton, David R.,Zacharias, David E.,Glusker, Jenny P.
, p. 5141 - 5150 (2007/10/02)
The four related β-hydroxy ammonium methiodide salts of α-hydroxylaudanosine (2a), β-hydroxylaudanosine (2b), 7-hydroxyglaucine (5a), and 13-hydroxyxylopinine (8a) have been subjected to Hofmann degradation.Although precedent dictates that such materials should form either epoxides or ketones, these are not found.Only products of (a) fragmentation and elimination (from 2a and 2b), (b) dehydration and elimination (from 5a), and (c) elimination and oxidation (from 8a) are obtained.The results are accounted for by consideration of the molecular geometries of theβ-hydroxy ammonium salts as experimentally determined from single-crystal X-ray studies and the geometric requirements for epoxide and ketone formation.