65851-36-7Relevant articles and documents
Evidence for "cocktail"-type catalysis in Buchwald-Hartwig reaction. A mechanistic study
Ananikov, Valentine P.,Boiko, Daniil A.,Burykina, Julia V.,Madiyeva, Malena,Minyaev, Mikhail E.,Prima, Darya O.
, p. 7171 - 7188 (2021/11/17)
The mechanism of the C-N cross-coupling reaction, catalyzed by palladium complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (Pd/NHC), was evaluated in detail at the molecular and nanoscale levels. For the first time, the formation of a "cocktail"-type catalytic system was proven for the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction. The unique ability of the Pd/NHC system to generate several types of catalytic centers (Pd complexes, clusters and nanoparticles) and the involvement of complementary pathways (homogeneous and heterogeneous) were discovered to take place in a "one pot"manner directly in the reaction vessel. Access to various catalytic centers from a single and readily available Pd/NHC complex is the key to designing a universal catalytic system with adaptive tuning capability. This journal is
Commercial Pd/C-Catalyzed N-Methylation of Nitroarenes and Amines Using Methanol as Both C1 and H2 Source
Goyal, Vishakha,Gahtori, Jyoti,Narani, Anand,Gupta, Piyush,Bordoloi, Ankur,Natte, Kishore
, p. 15389 - 15398 (2019/12/04)
Herein, we report commercially available carbon-supported-palladium (Pd/C)-catalyzed N-methylation of nitroarenes and amines using MeOH as both a C1 and a H2 source. This transformation proceeds with high atom-economy and in an environmentally friendly way via borrowing hydrogen mechanism. A total of >30 structurally diverse N-methylamines, including bioactive compounds, were selectively synthesized with isolated yields of up to 95%. Furthermore, selective N-methylation and deuteration of nimesulide, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, were realized through the late-stage functionalization.
Skeleton decoration of NHCs by amino groups and its sequential booster effect on the palladium-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig amination
Zhang, Yin,Cesar, Vincent,Storch, Golo,Lugan, Noel,Lavigne, Guy
supporting information, p. 6482 - 6486 (2014/06/24)
A challenging synthetic modification of PEPPSI-type palladium pre-catalysts consisting of a stepwise incorporation of one and two amino groups onto the NHC skeleton was seen to exert a sequential enhancement of the electronic donor properties. This appears to be positively correlated with the catalytic performances of the corresponding complexes in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination. This is illustrated, for example, by the quantitative amination of 4-chloroanisole by morpholine within 2 h at 25°C with a 2 mol% catalyst/substrate ratio or by a significant reduction of catalytic loading (down to 0.005 mol%) for the coupling of aryl chlorides with anilines (max TON: 19600).