7605-25-6Relevant articles and documents
Byproduct formation during the biosynthesis of spinosyn A and evidence for an enzymatic interplay to prevent its formation
Choi, Sei-hyun,Franklin, Joseph Livy,Huang, Teng-Yi,Hung, Shang-Cheng,Jeon, Byung-sun,Kim, Namho,Liu, Hung-wen,Ruszczycky, Mark W.
supporting information, (2021/11/30)
Biosynthesis of spinosyn A in Saccharopolyspora spinosa involves a 1,4-dehydration followed by an intramolecular [4 + 2]-cycloaddition catalyzed by SpnM and SpnF, respectively. The cycloaddition also takes place in the absence of SpnF leading to questions
Investigation of the effect of different linker chemotypes on the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs)
Linciano, Pasquale,Benedetti, Rosaria,Pinzi, Luca,Russo, Fabiana,Chianese, Ugo,Sorbi, Claudia,Altucci, Lucia,Rastelli, Giulio,Brasili, Livio,Franchini, Silvia
, (2020/11/24)
Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are among the most attractive and interesting targets in anticancer drug discovery. The clinical relevance of HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) is testified by four FDA-approved drugs for cancer treatment. However, one of the main drawbacks of these drugs resides in the lack of selectivity against the different HDAC isoforms, resulting in severe side effects. Thus, the identification of selective HDACIs represents an exciting challenge for medicinal chemists. HDACIs are composed of a cap group, a linker region, and a metal-binding group interacting with the catalytic zinc ion. While the cap group has been extensively investigated, less information is available about the effect of the linker on isoform selectivity. To this aim, in this work, we explored novel linker chemotypes to direct isoform selectivity. A small library of 25 hydroxamic acids with hitherto unexplored linker chemotypes was prepared. In vitro tests demonstrated that, depending on the linker type, some candidates selectively inhibit HDAC1 over HDAC6 isoform or vice versa. Docking calculations were performed to rationalize the effect of the novel linker chemotypes on biologic activity. Moreover, four compounds were able to increase the levels of acetylation of histone H3 or tubulin. These compounds were also assayed in breast cancer MCF7 cells to test their antiproliferative effect. Three compounds showed a significant reduction of cancer proliferation, representing valuable starting points for further optimization.
Synthesis of and characterization of some Heterocyclic Compounds derived from Thiophenol
AL-Khazraji, Shaima Ibraheem Chyad
, p. 5655 - 5662 (2021/09/11)
This research work involved preparation of heterogeneous pent lateral cyclic compounds (thiazolidine -4- one, benzothiazole, triazole, 4-oxothiazolidin) using thiophenol as raw materials: Thiophenol was reacted with mono chloroacetic acid in the presence of potassium hydroxide to prepare (sh1) followed by ortho amino aniline results the (sh2). The reaction of thiophenol with ethylchloroacetate afforded (sh3) and the reaction of (sh3) with thiosemicarbazide and 4% NaOH leads to ring closure giving 1,2,4- triazole (sh5). A treatment of thiophenol with hydrazine hydrate to obtain the intermediate (sh6) with aromatic aldehyde synthesized azomethines (sh7- sh9) then treated with mercaptoacetic acid to obtained (sh10-sh12). A treatment of thiophenol with chloroacetyl chloride produced (sh13) compound then treated with hydrazine hydrate to obtain (sh14) compound followed by bromobenzaldehyde synthesized azomethine (sh15) compound then treated with mercaptoacetic acid to obtained (sh16) compound. Characterization results for the prepared compounds using IR spectroscopy, NMR and melting points confirmed their chemical structures.