800369-69-1Relevant articles and documents
Ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by diphosphinoindole ligands
Liu, Yao,Ma, Xufeng,Mi, Puke,Wang, Zhichao,Zhang, Jun,Zhao, Xing
, (2021/12/01)
A new class of diphosphinoindole ligands have been developed. Upon activation with MMAO-3A, Cr catalysts supported by these bisphosphine ligands are active for ethylene tri-/tetramerization. The best result was achieved by using the bisphosphine ligand containing a phenyl group at C3 position of indole, giving a high activity of up to 364 kg/(g Cr/h) with a total selectivity of up to 72% toward 1-hexene (23.5%) and 1-octene (48.4%). A representative chromium tetracarbonyl complex was synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Asymmetric hydrogenation with highly active IndolPhos-Rh catalysts: Kinetics and reaction mechanism
Wassenaar, Jeroen,Kuil, Mark,Lutz, Martin,Spek, Anthony L.,Reek, Joost N. H.
scheme or table, p. 6509 - 6517 (2010/09/11)
The mechanism of the IndolPhos-Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral olefins has been investigated by means of X-ray crystal structure determination, kinetic measurements, high-pressure NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. The mechanistic study indicates that the reaction follows an unsaturate/dihydride mechanism according to Michaelis Menten kinetics. A large value of KM (KM = 5.01 ± 0.16 M) is obtained, which indicates that the Rh-solvate complex is the catalyst resting state, which has been observed by high-pressure NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations on the substrate-catalyst complexes, which are undetectable by experimental means, suggest that the major substrate-catalyst complex leads to the product. Such a mechanism is in accordance with previous studies on the mechanism of asymmetric hydrogenation reactions with C1-symmetric heteroditopic and monodentate ligands.
Asymmetric synthesis of the Roche ester and its derivatives by rhodium-INDOLPHOS-catalyzed hydrogenation
Wassenaar, Jeroen,Kuil, Mark,Reek, Joost N. H.
experimental part, p. 1610 - 1614 (2009/07/18)
(S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropionate, known as the Roche ester, and several of its derivatives were successfully synthesized through asymmetric rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenation, using INDOLPHOS (diisopropyl{1-[(S)-3,5-dioxa- 4-phosphacyclohepta[ 2,1-a;3,4-a′]dinaphthalen-4-yl]-3-methyl-2-indolyl} phosphine) as the chiral ligand, in excellent yield and the highest ee reported up to now (TOF over 5500 h-1 at 25°C; up to 98% ee at -40°C).