85650-52-8 Usage
Description
Mirtazapine, marketed under the trade names Remeron, Avanza, or Zispin, is a potent tetracyclic antidepressant. It is an α2-Adrenergic blocker and an analogue of Mianserin. As a white solid, Mirtazapine is primarily used for the treatment of depression and has additional applications as a hypnotic, antiemetic, appetite stimulant, and for managing anxiety.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Mirtazapine is used as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, providing relief to patients suffering from this mood disorder.
Mirtazapine is used as a hypnotic to help individuals with sleep disturbances or insomnia, promoting better sleep quality.
Mirtazapine is used as an antiemetic to manage nausea and vomiting, often associated with various medical conditions or treatments.
Mirtazapine is used as an appetite stimulant to increase appetite in patients who have experienced a decrease due to illness or other factors.
Mirtazapine is used for the treatment of anxiety to help alleviate symptoms of anxiety disorders and improve overall mental well-being.
Used in Forensic Analysis and Clinical Toxicology:
Mirtazapine is used as a Certified Spiking Solution for LC/MS or GC/MS applications in forensic analysis, clinical toxicology, or urine drug testing, ensuring accurate and reliable results in these fields.
Biological Activity
Antidepressant agent; potent 5-HT 2 , 5-HT 3 and histamine H 1 receptor antagonist and moderately potent α 2 -adrenoceptor antagonist (pK i values are 8.05, ~ 8.1, 9.3 and 6.95 respectively). Enhances noradrenalin (NA) release in rat brain via inhibition of α 2 -adrenergic autoreceptors and displays only weak affinity for monoamine transporters (pK i values are 5.6, < 5 and < 5.1 for inhibition of NA, dopamine and 5-HT uptake respectively). Increases hippocampal NA and 5-HT levels in rats following systemic administration in vivo .
Biochem/physiol Actions
Mirtazapine is a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA). Mirtazapine agonizes selective adrenergic and serotonergic receptors so that both NE release and 5-HT1A mediated serotonergic signaling are increased.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Currently, the only FDA approved indication for mirtazapine is
depression in humans. Reported veterinary uses include treatment
of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV); anorexia
associated with renal failure (azotemia), congestive heart failure,
gastro-intestinal disorders, liver disease, or neoplasia. Other uses
suggested include stress induced diseases; insomnia; post-pyometra
symptoms; and post-operative inappetance. Studies have shown
that mirtazapine also alleviated sleep apnea in rats and humans.
There are case reports published in human literature of mirtazapine
use as treatment for non-mechanical vomiting after gastric
bypass, CINV, obsessive-compulsive disorder, nocioception
and chronic pain, migraine headache prophylaxis, anti-psychotic
induced akathisia, idiopathic nausea and vomiting, serotonin syndrome
induced nausea, anorexia, irritable bowel syndrome, resistant
hyperemesis gravidarum, and for the treatment of negative
symptoms of schizophrenia. Studies in rats have also shown that
mirtazapine significantly improves memory.
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Alcohol: increased sedative effect.
Antidepressants: possibly increased risk of
serotonergic effects with fluoxetine, fluvoxamine or
venlafaxine; CNS excitation and hypertension with
MAOI and moclobemide - avoid.
Antimalarials: avoid with artemether and
lumefantrine and piperaquine with artenimol.
Methylthioninium: risk of CNS toxicity - avoid if
possible.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolised in the liver via CYP2D6,
CYP1A2, and CYP3A4. The major biotransformation
pathways are demethylation and oxidation followed by
glucuronide conjugation. The N-desmethyl metabolite is
pharmacologically active.
Elimination is via urine and faeces (15%).
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 85650-52-8 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 8,5,6,5 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 5 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 85650-52:
(7*8)+(6*5)+(5*6)+(4*5)+(3*0)+(2*5)+(1*2)=148
148 % 10 = 8
So 85650-52-8 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C17H19N3/c1-19-9-10-20-16(12-19)15-7-3-2-5-13(15)11-14-6-4-8-18-17(14)20/h2-8,16H,9-12H2,1H3/p+2/t16-/m0/s1
85650-52-8Relevant articles and documents
Preparation method and intermediate product of mirtazapine
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Paragraph 0033; 0035-0043, (2020/06/09)
The invention discloses a preparation method and an intermediate product of mirtazapine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: in an organic solvent, carrying out a cyclization reaction on a compound represented by a formula I and/or an inorganic acid salt thereof in the presence of a sulfonic acid resin, and separating to obtain a solid, ie., the mirtazapine intermediate product;and carrying out an ion exchange reaction on the mirtazapine intermediate product and an alkali to obtain mirtazapine. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, easiness in product separation, small pollution, suitability for industrial production and the like.
A synthesis method of midanping
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Paragraph 0022; 0045; 0046, (2017/12/27)
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing mirtazapine. According to the method, 2-halogenated nicotinonitrile is used as an initial compound, and 2-chloronicotinamide, 2-(4-methyl-2phenyl-1-piperazinyl)nicotinamide, 2-(4-methyl-2phenyl-1-piperazinyl)nicotinic acid, 1-(3-hydroxymethylpyridyl-2-)-4-methyl-2-phenylpiperazine and other intermediate products are sequentially synthesized to prepare the mirtazapine. Against the defects in a current mirtazapine synthesizing method, the process is improved, a new synthesizing route is designed, and a preparation method which is economical and is easy for practical operation is provided to mirtazapine synthesis. The method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
MANUFACTURING METHOD OF MIRTAZAPINE
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Paragraph 0058-0060, (2017/08/08)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing mirtazapine useful as an antidepressant at high quality and high manufacturing yield. SOLUTION: Mirtazapine with reduced impurities is manufactured by crystallizing mirtazapine by using a mixed solvent of a good solvent selected from ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane and a poor solvent which is water, or a mixed solvent of a good solvent selected from propanol and isopropanol and a poor solvent which is heptane in a method of manufacturing mirtazapine by reacting 2-(4-methyl-2-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-pyridinemethanol and sulfuric acid. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2017,JPOandINPIT
