93957-54-1 Usage
Originator
Lipaxan, Italfarmaco spa
Uses
A synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Manufacturing Process
164 ml (235.1 g, 2.04 moles) of chloroacetyl chloride is added over a 50 min period to a mixture of 400 ml (410 g, 4.22 moles) of fluorobenzene and 300.0 g (2.25 moles) of anhydrous aluminum chloride stirred at 75°C under nitrogen. The reaction mixture is stirred at 80°C under nitrogen for 1 h, cooled to 50°C, 500 ml of fluorobenzene is added, and the reaction mixture is cooled to 0°C and gradually (over a 30 min period) siphoned into 1 L of 6 N hydrochloric acid stirred at 0°C. (The temperature of the aqueous acid is maintained at or below 25°C throughout the addition). The quenched, acidified reaction mixture is stirred for 15 min, and the aqueous phase is separated and extracted with 350 ml of fluorobenzene. The two organicphases are combined and washed twice with 500 ml portions of 3 N hydrochloric acid and once with 500 ml of water. The fluorobenzene is distilled at 30 mm. Hg and 60°C and, upon cooling, the obtained 4-chloroacetyl-1fluorobenzene oily residue solidifies.562.9 g (4.08 moles) of N-isopropylaniline is rapidly added to a solution of the 4-chloroacetyl-1-fluorobenzene in 500 ml of dimethylformamide stirred at 50°C under nitrogen. The reaction mixture is stirred at 100°C under nitrogen for 10 h and allowed to cool to room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture is heated to 60°C, 2 L of water is added, and the mixture is cooled to 10°C. The obtained solids are collected, washed twice with 500 ml portions of water and dissolved in 550 ml of 95% ethanol at 75°C. The solution is cooled to 0°C, and the obtained solids are collected, washed three times with 100 ml portions of 95% ethanol and vacuum dried at 35°-40°C for 4 h to obtain the 95.3% pure yellow product: N-(4-fluorobenzoylmethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl) aniline (466.0 g, 84.2%, melting point 78° -81°C).4.5 ml of 1 N sodium hydroxide solution (4.5 mmol) and 2.0 g (4.7 mmol) of N-(4-fluorobenzoylmethyl)-N-(1-methylethyl)aniline are stirred in 150 ml of ethanol at room temperature for 2 h, the solvent is evaporated at reduced pressure, and the residue is dissolved in 50 ml of water. The aqueous solution is gently extracted with diethyl ether, the traces of ether in the aqueous layer are removed at reduced pressure, and the aqueous layer is freeze dried to obtain racemic sodium threo-(+/-)-(E)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[3'-(4"-fluorophenyl)1'-(1"-methylethyl )indol-2'-yl]hept-6-enoate (1.8 g (88%)), melting point 194°-197°C.The crude sodium threo-(+/-)-(E)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[3'-(4"-fluorophenyl)-1'(1"-methylethyl )indol-2'-yl]hept-6-enoate is dissolved in water, and the solution is acidified to pH 2 with 2 N hydrochloric acid and extracted with diethyl ether. The diethyl ether extract is washed three times with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and evaporated at reduced pressure to obtain the crude solid racemic erythro-(+/)-(E)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[3'-(4"-fluorophenyl)-1'-(1"-methylethyl )indol-2'-yl] hept-6-enoic acid (6.9 g).The racemic erythro-(+/-)-(E)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[3'-(4"-fluorophenyl)-1'-(1"methylethyl )indol-2'-yl]hept-6-enoic acid may both be resolved into two optically pure enantiomers, the 3R, 5S and 3S, 5R isomers by chromatography on silica gel column using organic solutions as the eluent.
Brand name
Lescol (Novartis).
Therapeutic Function
Antihyperlipidemic
General Description
Fluvastatin, [R*,S*-(E)]-(±)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic acid monosodium salt (Lescol), is very similarto pravastatin. It possesses a heptanoic acid side chain thatis superimposable over the lactone ring found in lovastatinand simvastatin. This side chain is recognized by HMGCoAreductase. Also, much like pravastatin, the CNS sideeffects of this lipid-lowering agent are much lower thanthose of the agents that possess a lactone ring as part of theirarchitectural design.
Clinical Use
HMG CoA reductase inhibitor:Primary hypercholesterolaemiaSlowing progression of atherosclerosisSecondary prevention of coronary events after
percutaneous coronary intervention
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Antibacterials: rifampicin increases metabolism;
increased risk of myopathy with daptomycin; avoid
for 7 days after last dose of fusidic acid.
Anticoagulants: anticoagulant effect enhanced.
Antiepileptics: concentration of either or both drugs
may be increased with fosphenytoin and phenytoin.
Antifungals: concentration increased by fluconazole
- increased risk of myopathy.
Antivirals: possible increased risk of myopathy with
ledipasvir - reduce fluvastatin dose; avoid with
paritaprevir.
Ciclosporin: concomitant treatment with ciclosporin
may lead to risk of muscle toxicity.
Colchicine: isolated cases of myopathy have been
reported.
Lipid-lowering drugs: increased risk of myopathy
with gemfibrozil, fibrates and nicotinic acid - avoid
with gemfibrozil.
Metabolism
Fluvastatin is rapidly and completely absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract and undergoes extensive firstpass metabolism in the liver. Metabolism is mainly by
the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP2C9, with only
a small amount metabolised by CYP3A4. The major
components circulating in the blood are fluvastatin and
the pharmacologically inactive N-desisopropyl-propionic
acid metabolite. The hydroxylated metabolites have
pharmacological activity but do not circulate systemically.
About 93% is excreted in the faeces, mainly as metabolites,
with only about 6% being excreted in the urine
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 93957-54-1 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 9,3,9,5 and 7 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 5 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 93957-54:
(7*9)+(6*3)+(5*9)+(4*5)+(3*7)+(2*5)+(1*4)=181
181 % 10 = 1
So 93957-54-1 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C24H26FNO4/c1-15(2)26-21-6-4-3-5-20(21)24(16-7-9-17(25)10-8-16)22(26)12-11-18(27)13-19(28)14-23(29)30/h3-12,15,18-19,27-28H,13-14H2,1-2H3,(H,29,30)/p-1/b12-11+
93957-54-1Relevant articles and documents
Methods for predicting the response to statins
-
, (2011/10/13)
The invention provides methods for optimizing therapeutic efficacy for treating hypercholesterolemia in a subject having a cardiovascular disease (CVD), comprising (a) determining subject characteristics that affect the likelihood of reaching a goal level of low density lipoprotein (LDL); and (b) obtaining success probabilities of a variety of statin treatments for reaching said goal level of LDL using said subject characteristics and a multivariate model; and (c) administrating the optimal statin treatment with the highest success probability of step (b) to said subject thereby optimizing therapeutic efficacy for treating hypercholesterolemia in said subject.
Treatment of type 1 diabetes with PDE5 inhibitors
-
, (2008/06/13)
The use of a PDE5 inhibitor without substantial PDE2 inhibiting activity, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. A method of treating Type 1 Diabetes in an individual suffering from Type 1 Diabetes, which method comprises administering to said individual an effective amount of a PDE5 inhibitor without substantial PDE2 inhibiting activity, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Stabilized pharmaceutical compositions comprising an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor compound
-
, (2008/06/13)
A pharmaceutical dosage form comprising an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor compound, e.g., fluvastatin sodium, is disclosed which is stabilized against pH-related degradation by an alkaline stabilizing medium capable of imparting a pH of at least 8 to an aqueous solution or dispersion of the composition.
