- Encapsulation of [(SO4)4(H2O)12]8- clusters in a metal organic framework of pyridyl functionalized cyanuric acid based tris-urea
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Encapsulation of hydrated sulfate in a bowl-shaped metal organic coordination polymer formed by Zn2+ assisted self-assembly of a 3-pyridyl terminated cyanuric acid platform based urea receptor is reported in aqueous medium. Trapping of an unusual [(SO4)4(H2O)12]8- cluster in a [Zn(H2O)6]2+ capped self-assembled structure is characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Furthermore, selective binding of SO42- is established from the 1H-NMR titration study.
- Dutta, Ranjan,Akhuli, Bidyut,Ghosh, Pradyut
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- Naphthalene linked pyridyl urea as a supramolecular gelator: a new insight into naked eye detection of I- in the gel state with semiconducting behaviour
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The gelation and anion responsive behavior of some 3-aminopyridine-based urea molecules 1-5 have been examined. Of the different pyridyl ureas, compounds 1 and 2 form an instant gel from DMSO/H2O and DMF/H2O solvents. Between the gels 1 and 2, only the gel state of 2 has been noted, for the first time, to detect iodide ions over a series of other anions through a colour change involving no phase transformation. Furthermore, the gel state of 2 is a poor semiconductor and the presence of iodide ions considerably enhances its conductivity that varies with temperature.
- Ghosh, Kumaresh,Panja, Santanu,Bhattacharya, Subratanu
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- Stimuli-Responsive Metallogels for Synthesizing Ag Nanoparticles and Sensing Hazardous Gases
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A newly synthesized bis-pyridyl ligand having a diphenyl ether backbone (LP6) displayed the ability to form crystalline coordination polymers (CP1-CP6) which were fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Most of the resulting polymers were lattice-occluded crystalline solids—a structural characteristic reminiscent to gels. The reactants of the coordination polymers produced metallogels in DMSO/water confirming the validity of the design principles with which the coordination polymers were synthesized. Some of the metallogels displayed material properties like in situ synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and stimuli-responsive gel–sol transition including sensing hazardous gases like ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.
- Biswas, Protap,Ganguly, Sumi,Dastidar, Parthasarathi
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- Novel antitumor 2-cyanoaziridine-1-carboxamides
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A set of 20 2-cyanoaziridine-1-carboxamides was synthesized from 2- cyanoaziridine and appropriate isocyanates. These compounds were active against a variety of solid and hematological tumor cells in culture, including strains resistant to doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. Their potencies in these assays correlated with the lipophilicity of substituents. The N- phenyl derivative was more potent and equally effective to imexon, a cyclized 2-cyanoaziridine-1-carboxamide of clinical interest, against cloned fresh human tumors.
- Iyengar, Bhashyam S.,Dorr, Robert T.,Alberts, David S.,Hersh, Evan M.,Salmon, Sydney E.,Remers, William A.
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- Synthesis and crystal structures of ZnCl2 and CdCl2 containing helical coordination polymers derived from a flexible bis(pyridylurea) ligand
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A flexible bis(pyridylurea) ligand, 1,1′-[oxybis(2,1-phenylene)] bis(3-pyridin-3-ylurea) (L), has been synthesized and characterized. The interaction of L with ZnCl2 and CdCl2 has been investigated. In the structure of {[ZnLCl2]·2DMF}n (1), the flexible ligands bridge the ZnII centers to form 1D helical chains with a pitch of 9.743 ?. The P and M helical chains are arranged equally, and the whole complex 1 is racemic. In the structure of [CdLCl2(DMF)]n (2), the flexible ligands bridge CdII centers to form one-dimensional P and M helical chain structures in a similar manner. Then the chlorine atoms act as bridges in bidentate modes linking the P helical chain with M helical chain to form a 1D looped chain coordination polymer.
- Huang, Chao,Yi, Xian-Mei,Chen, Dong-Mei,Zhu, Bi-Xue
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- Spectroscopic Characterization of Nicotinoyl and Isonicotinoyl Nitrenes and the Photointerconversion of 4-Pyridylnitrene with Diazacycloheptatetraene
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Recently, nicotinoyl nitrene (2) has been generated from the photodecomposition of nicotinoyl azide (1) and used as the key intermediate in probing nucleobase solvent accessibility inside cells. Following the 266 nm laser photolysis of nicotinoyl azide (1) and isonicotinoyl azide (5) in solid N2 matrices at 15 K, nicotinoyl nitrene (2) and isonicotinoyl nitrene (6) have now been identified by matrix-isolation infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Both aroyl nitrenes 2 and 6 adopt closed-shell singlet ground states stabilized by significant Nnitrene···O interactions, which is consistent with the spectroscopic analysis and calculations at the CBS-QB3 level of theory. Upon subsequent visible light irradiations, 2 (400 ± 20 nm) and 6 (532 nm) undergo rearrangement to pyridyl isocyanates 3 and 7. Further dissociation of 3 and 7 under 193 nm laser irradiation results in CO elimination and formation of ketenimines 12 and 13 via the ring opening of elusive pyridyl nitrenes 4 and 8, respectively. In addition to the IR spectroscopic identification of 8 in the triplet ground state, its reversible photointerconversion with ring expansion to diazacycloheptatetraene 9 has been observed directly. The spectroscopic identification of the nitrene intermediates was aided by calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level, and the mechanism for their generation in stepwise decompositions of the azides is discussed in the light of CBS-QB3 calculations.
- Liu, Qian,Qin, Yuanyuan,Lu, Yan,Wentrup, Curt,Zeng, Xiaoqing
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- Anchoring Drugs to a Zinc(II) Coordination Polymer Network: Exploiting Structural Rationale toward the Design of Metallogels for Drug-Delivery Applications
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A new series of coordination polymers (CPs) were synthesized and crystallographically characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction with the aim of developing drug-delivery systems via metallogel formation. Structural rationale was employed to design such coordination-polymer-based metallogels. As many as nine CPs were obtained by reacting two bis(pyridyl)urea ligands, namely, 1,3-dipyridin-3-ylurea (3U) and 1,3-dipyridin-4-ylurea (4U), and the sodium salt of various nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, namely, ibuprofen (IBU), naproxen (NAP), fenoprofen (FEN), diclofenac (DIC), meclofenamic acid (MEC), mefenamic acid (MEF), and Zn(NO3)2. All of the CPs displayed 1D polymeric chains that were self-assembled through various hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the urea N-H and carboxylate O atoms and, in a few cases, lattice-occluded water molecules. The reacting components of the CPs produced five metallogels in dimethyl sulfoxide/water. The gels were characterized by rheology and transmission electron microscopy. Three selected metallogelators, namely, 3UMEFg, 3UNAPg, and 3UMECg, showed in vitro anticancer, cell imaging, and multidrug delivery for antibacterial applications, respectively. The shear-thinning properties of 3UMECg (rheoreversibility and injectability) make it a potential candidate for plausible topical application.
- Biswas, Protap,Dastidar, Parthasarathi
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- 1H and 13C NMR spectra of some unsymmetric N,N′-dipyridyl ureas: Spectral assignments and molecular conformation
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The 1H NMR spectra of N-(2-pyridyl), N′-(3-pyridyl)ureas and N-(2-pyridyl), N′-(4-pyridyl)ureas in CDCl3 and (CD3)2CO have been assigned with the aid of COSY and NOE experiments and chemical shift and coupling constant correlations. The 13C NMR spectra in CDCl3 were analysed utilizing the HETCOR and proton coupled spectra. The 1H NMR spectra, NOE effects and MINDO/3 calculations have been utilized to show that the molecular conformation of these compounds has the 2-pyridyl ring coplanar with the urea plane with the N-H group hydrogen bonded to the nitrogen of the 2-pyridyl group on the other urea nitrogen while the 3/4-pyridyl group rotates rapidly about the N-C3TN-C4 bond.
- Singha, Netai C.,Sathyanarayana, Dixit N.
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- Synthesis and crystal structures of metallomacrocyclic and helical Hg(II) complexes with two bis(pyridylurea) ligands
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Two complexes, [Hg2L12Cl4]·2DMF (1) and {[HgL2Br2]·2DMSO}n (2), have been synthesized and characterized from two flexible bis(pyridylurea) ligands (L1 and L2) with mercury(II) halides respectively. In the two complexes, both Hg(II) centers adopt four-coordination mode, but they present different architectures with slightly adjusted 3- and 4-position of nitrogen atom in the pyridyl ring. Complex 1 exists as a centrosymmetric metallamacrocycle with L1 as bidentate ligand bridging two HgCl2 units, and complex 2 exists as a 1D helical chain coordination polymer with L2 as bridging ligand and Br? as terminal ligand, which indicates that the nature of the ligand plays an important role in the coordination networks.
- Huang, Chao,Yang, Jin,Chen, Jin-Lian,Chen, Dong-Mei,Zhu, Bi-Xue
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- Consequence of presence and absence of π-clouds at strategic locations of designed binuclear Pd(II) complexes on packing: Self-assembly of self-assembly by intermolecular locking and packing
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Self-assembled binuclear coordination cages of general formula [Pd 2(N-N)2(L)2](X)4, 1a/b-4a/b are prepared by the combination of N,N′-bis(m-pyridyl)urea, L, with a variety of cis-protected palladium(II) components, Pd(N-N)(X)2. The cis-protecting units "N-N" employed for the synthesis of 1-4 are ethylenediamine (en), tetramethylethylenediamine (tmeda), 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), respectively. The term "X" stands for nitrate and perchlorate for a and b, respectively. The assemblies are characterized by NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) techniques, and in some cases (i.e., 1a, 2b, 3b, 4a, and 4b) the structures are confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The conformations of bound L in the crystal structures of all the Pd(II) complexes are found to be syn-syn. The influence of the presence and absence of π cloud at the cis-protecting units on the crystal packing has been studied in detail. In the packing of [Pd 2(phen)2L2](NO3)4, 4a, one unit of [Pd2(phen)2L2]4+ is associated with two other units by π-π stacking interactions thus giving a one-dimensional growth as envisioned on the basis of a design principle. In the case of [Pd2(en)2(L)2](NO3) 4, 1a, and [Pd2(tmeda)2(L)2] (ClO4)4, 2b, such packing is not observed due to the absence of π-cloud at the strategic locations, instead notable H-bonding interactions are seen. However, [Pd2(bpy)2(L) 2](ClO4)4, 3b, displays a π-π interactions using only two units of [Pd2(bpy)2(L) 2]4+(ClO4)-.
- Naranthatta, Mili C.,Das, Deepika,Tripathy, Debakanta,Sahoo, Himansu S.,Ramkumar, Venkatachalam,Chand, Dillip K.
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- Synthesis of unsymmetrical urea from aryl- or pyridyl carboxamides and aminopyridines using PhI(OAc)2via in situformation of aryl- or pyridyl isocyanates
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A tandem synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas (N-aryl-N′-pyridylurea andN,N′-bipyridylurea) from aryl- or pyridyl carboxamides and aminopyridinesviaHofmann rearrangement has been reported. In particular, benzamides, picolinamide, nicotinamide, and isonicotinamide generate reactive intermediate isocyanates,in situ, in the presence of PhI(OAc)2, which upon further reaction with aminopyridines form urea derivatives. As the formation of pyridylisocyanates from their corresponding carboxamidesviaHofmann rearrangement remained unexplored previously, attempts have been made to trap the isocyanates. While the three pyridylisocyanates were trapped as their corresponding carbamates, 3-pyridylisocyanate was isolated and characterized. Unlike closely related previous methods reported for urea synthesis, the current method avoids direct use of isocyanates or eliminates the use of toxic phosgene for thein situgeneration of isocyanates.
- Hunjan, Mandeep Kaur,Laha, Joydev K.,Singh, Neha
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p. 18815 - 18823
(2021/10/26)
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- Making and breaking of gels: Stimuli-responsive properties of bis(pyridyl-n-oxide urea) gelators
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The structural modification of existing supramolecular architecture is an efficient strategy to design and synthesize supramolecular gels with tunable and predictable properties. In this work, we have modified bis(pyridyl urea) compounds with different linkers, namely hexylene and butylene, to their corresponding bis(pyridyl-N-oxide urea). The gelation properties of both the parent and the modified compounds were studied, and the results indicated that modification of the 3-pyridyl moieties to the corresponding 3-pyridyl-N-oxides induced hydrogelation. The stability of the parent and modified compounds were evaluated by sol-gel transition temperature (Tgel ) and rheological measurements, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the solid-state interactions of the gelators. The morphologies of the dried gels were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the structural modification did not induce any prominent effect on the gel morphology. The stimuli-responsive behavior of these gels in the presence of salts in DMSO/water was evaluated by rheological experiments, which indicated that the modified compounds displayed enhanced gel strength in most cases. However, the gel network collapsed in the presence of the chloride salts of aluminum(III), zinc(II), copper(II), and cadmium(II). The mechanical strength of the parent gels decreased in the presence of salts, indicating that the structural modification resulted in robust gels in most cases. The modified compounds formed gels below minimum gel concentration in the presence of various salts, indicating salt-induced gelation. These results show the making and breaking ability of the gel network in the presence of external stimuli (salts), which explains the potential of using LMWGs based on N-oxide moieties as stimuli-responsive materials.
- Damodaran, Krishna K.,Ghosh, Dipankar,Jayabhavan, Sreejith Sudhakaran
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- Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of pyrrolidine-oxadiazoles as anthelmintics against Haemonchus contortus
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Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) are significant pathogens of humans and animals and cause substantive socioeconomic losses due to the diseases that they cause. The control of nematodes in livestock animals relies heavily on the use of anthelmintic drugs. However, their extensive use has led to a widespread problem of drug resistance in these worms. Thus, the discovery and development of novel chemical entities for the treatment of parasitic worms of humans and animals is needed. Herein, we describe our medicinal chemistry optimization efforts of a phenotypic hit against Haemonchus contortus based on a pyrrolidine-oxadiazole scaffold. This led to the identification of compounds with potent inhibitory activities (IC50 = 0.78–22.4 μM) on the motility and development of parasitic stages of H. contortus, and which were found to be highly selective in a mammalian cell counter-screen. These compounds could be used as suitable chemical tools for drug target identification or as lead compounds for further optimization.
- Ruan, Banfeng,Zhang, Yuezhou,Tadesse, Solomon,Preston, Sarah,Taki, Aya C.,Jabbar, Abdul,Hofmann, Andreas,Jiao, Yaqing,Garcia-Bustos, Jose,Harjani, Jitendra,Le, Thuy Giang,Varghese, Swapna,Teguh, Silvia,Xie, Yiyue,Odiba, Jephthah,Hu, Min,Gasser, Robin B.,Baell, Jonathan
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supporting information
(2020/02/04)
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- Synthesis and characterization of N,N,N-trimethyl-O-(ureidopyridinium)acetyl chitosan derivatives with antioxidant and antifungal activities
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Chitosan is an active biopolymer, and the combination of it with other active groups can be a valuable method to improve the potential application of the resultant derivatives in food, cosmetics, packaging materials, and other industries. In this paper, a series of N,N,N-trimethyl-O-(ureidopyridinium)acetyl chitosan derivatives were synthesized. The combination of chitosan with ureidopyridinium group and quaternary ammonium group made it achieve developed water solubility and biological properties. The structures of chitosan and chitosan derivatives were confirmed by FTIR,1H NMR spectra, and elemental analysis. The prepared chitosan derivatives were evaluated for antioxidant property by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, and superoxide radical scavenging ability. The results revealed that the synthesized chitosan derivatives exhibited improved antioxidant activity compared with chitosan. The chitosan derivatives were also investigated for antifungal activity against Phomopsis asparagus as well as Botrytis cinerea, and they showed a significant inhibitory effect on the selected phytopathogen. Meanwhile, CCK-8 assay was used to test the cytotoxicity of chitosan derivatives, and the results showed that most derivatives had low toxicity. These data suggested to develop analogs of chitosan derivatives containing ureidopyridinium group and quaternary ammonium group, which will provide a new kind of promising biomaterials having decreased cytotoxicity as well as excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
- Zhang, Jingjing,Tan, Wenqiang,Li, Qing,Dong, Fang,Guo, Zhanyong
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based diaryl urea derivatives for suppressing VEGFR-2 signaling
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A novel structural series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based compounds that incorporate the diaryl urea moiety was designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated as suppressors of VEFGR-2 signaling. As a consequence, compounds 9k and 9s exhibited comparable or superior cytotoxic activity to that of gefitinib against the tested three cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, and PC-3. Importantly, both of them downregulated the expression of VEGFR-2, and inhibited VEGFR-2 phosphorylation at the concentration of 0.5 or 1.0 μmol/l. Besides, they suppressed human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation at the concentration of 4.0 μmol/l. Considering their capability of down-regulating VEGFR-2 expression and inhibiting VEGFR-2 phosphorylation, 9k and 9s may serve as suppressors of angiogenesis for further investigation.
- Huang, Yuanzheng,Zhang, Yang,Li, Jiaming,Ma, Xiaodong,Hu, Mengqi,Yang, Yu,Gao, Sufan
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p. 508 - 516
(2019/05/14)
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- COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS FOR SELECTIVELY INHIBITING β-GLUCURONIDASES AND ALLEVIATING SIDE EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG TREATMENT INDUCED DIARRHEA
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The present disclosure describes compounds and compositions that inhibit β-glucuronidase activity, and methods for attenuating the side effects of one or more drugs and improving the efficacy of drugs by administration of selective β-glucuronidase inhibitors.
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Page/Page column 108; 109
(2019/04/09)
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- Electrocatalytic generation of amidyl radicals for olefin hydroamidation: Use of solvent effects to enable anilide oxidation
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Oxidative generation of synthetically important amidyl radicals from N-H amides is an appealing and yet challenging task. Previous methods require a stoichiometric amount of a strong oxidant and/or a costly noble-metal catalyst. We report herein the first electrocatalytic method that employs ferrocene (Fc), a cheap organometallic reagent, as the redox catalyst to produce amidyl radicals from N-aryl amides. Based on this radical-generating method, an efficient intramolecular olefin hydroamidation reaction has been developed. Easy access to N-arylamidyl radicals: The first electrocatalytic method for the generation of amidyl radicals from anilides has been developed using ferrocene (Cp2Fe) as a highly reactive, yet chemoselective redox catalyst. Based on this radical-generating method, a highly chemo- and diastereoselective olefin hydroamidation reaction has been developed.
- Zhu, Lin,Xiong, Peng,Mao, Zhong-Yi,Wang, Yong-Heng,Yan, Xiaomei,Lu, Xin,Xu, Hai-Chao
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supporting information
p. 2226 - 2229
(2016/02/19)
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- Titanium-Promoted Cross-Coupling for the Selective Synthesis of Polysubstituted, Conjugated Amides
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α,β-Unsaturated amides are important building blocks and are key structural elements in a number of biologically active natural products. Despite their importance and prevalence, few methods exist to prepare conjugated amides directly and modularly. To address this gap, a titanium-promoted coupling of alkynes and isocyanates has been developed. The method is highly stereoselective, producing only the E isomer with good chemoselectivity and regioselectivity (>95/5), for unsymmetrical internal alkynes that contain a steric bias. The reactive titanacyclopentene intermediate formed from the coupling of the alkyne and isocyanate was additionally reacted with various electrophiles to access tetrasubstituted enamides.
- Chenniappan, Vinoth Kumar,Rahaim, Ronald J.
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supporting information
p. 5090 - 5093
(2016/10/14)
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- BENZIMIDAZOLYL-METHYL UREA DERIVATIVES AS ALX RECEPTOR AGONISTS
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The present invention relates to benzimidazolyl-methyl urea derivatives of formula (I), wherein n, D, E, R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are as defined in the description, their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds.
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Page/Page column 92; 237
(2015/02/25)
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- Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl urea derivatives as novel AChE inhibitors
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1,3,4-Thiadiazole and urea group were hybridized to form new molecular skeleton and 11 compounds were synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Most of them showed comparable effects in inhibition of AChE, especially compound 6b which exhibited activity with IC50 value 1.17 μM, as strong as galanthamine. This information offered by our research would be valuable for further investigation of structure-activity relationship (SAR) and useful in future research of AChE inhibitors.
- Xue, Xiao-Jian,Wang, Yu-Bin,Lu, Peng,Shang, Hai-Feng,She, Jin-Xiong,Xia, Ling-Xian,Qian, Hai,Huang, Wen-Long
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p. 524 - 527
(2014/07/08)
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- Structure-activity relationship studies of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives leading to the discovery of a novel multikinase inhibitor that potently inhibits FLT3 and VEGFR2 and evaluation of its activity against acute myeloid leukemia in vitro and in vivo
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We describe the structural optimization of a hit compound, 1-(4-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)phenyl)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)urea (1), which exhibits inhibitory activity but low potency against FLT3 and VEGFR2. A series of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized, and structure-activity relationship analysis using cell- and transgenic-zebrafish- based assays led to the discovery of a number of compounds that exhibited both high potency against FLT3-driven human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) MV4-11 cells and a considerable antiangiogenic effect in transgenic-zebrafish-based assays. The compound 1-(4-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin -4-yloxy)phenyl)-3-(4-chloro-3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea (33), which exhibited the highest activity in preliminary in vivo anti-AML assays, was chosen for further anti-AML studies. The results demonstrated that compound 33 is a multikinase inhibitor that potently inhibits FLT3 and VEGFR2. In an MV4-11 xenograft mouse model, a once-daily dose of compound 33 at 10 mg/kg for 18 days led to complete tumor regression without obvious toxicity. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the mechanism of action of compound 33.
- Yang, Ling-Ling,Li, Guo-Bo,Ma, Shuang,Zou, Chan,Zhou, Shu,Sun, Qi-Zheng,Cheng, Chuan,Chen, Xin,Wang, Li-Jiao,Feng, Shan,Li, Lin-Li,Yang, Sheng-Yong
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supporting information
p. 1641 - 1655
(2013/04/10)
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- Photolysis and thermolysis of pyridyl carbonyl azide monolayers on single-crystal platinum
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The photochemical and thermal reactivity of a number of acyl azide-substituted pyridine compounds, namely nicotinyl azide, isonicotinyl azide, picolinyl azide and dinicotinyl azide with investigated as saturated monolayers on a single-crystal Pt(111) surface in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber. Multilayers of the substrates exhibited a maximum rate of desorption at 270 K, above which, stable saturated monolayers formed as characterized by reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy by observation of C=O and N 3 bands at 1700 cm-1, and 2100 and 1300 cm-1 respectively. The monolayers were stable up to 400 K. Photolysis of the monolayer (or heating above 400 K) results in the formation of the respective isocyanate intermediate after loss of nitrogen as evidenced by the appearance of a new infrared band at 2260 cm-1 with concomitant loss of the azide bands. The resulting isocyanate saturated monolayer is stable in absence of nucleophiles, but can be quenched with appropriate nucleophiles. Saturated monolayers of a number of acyl azide-substituted pyridine compounds, namely nicotinyl azide, isonicotinyl azide, picolinyl azide and dinicotinyl azide, were formed on single-crystal Pt(111) surfaces in a UHV chamber. These monolayers were characterized by RAIR and thermal programmed desorption. Photolysis or thermolysis of these saturated monolayers leads to the corresponding isocyanate via a Curtius rearrangement.
- Adkinson, Dana K.,Magri, David C.,Pitters, Jason L.,Griffiths, Keith,Norton, Peter R.,Workentin, Mark S.
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p. 1020 - 1028
(2013/09/24)
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- Discovery and structural modification of 1-phenyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)urea derivatives as inhibitors of complement
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A series of 1-phenyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)urea derivatives were identified as novel and potent complement inhibitors through structural modification of the original compound from high-throughput screening. Various analogues (7 and 13-15) were synthesized and identified as complement inhibitors, with the introduction of a five- or six-carbon chain (7c, 7d, 7k, 7l, and 7o) greatly improving their activity. Optimized compound 7l has an excellent inhibition activity with IC50 values as low as 13 nM. We demonstrated that the compound 7l inhibited C9 deposition through the classical, the lectin, and the alternative pathways but had no influence on C3 and C4 depositions.
- Zhang, Mei,Yang, Xiao-Ying,Tang, Wei,Groeneveld, Tom W. L.,He, Pei-Lan,Zhu, Feng-Hua,Li, Jia,Lu, Wei,Blom, Anna M.,Zuo, Jian-Ping,Nan, Fa-Jun
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 317 - 321
(2012/05/20)
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- Novel lapachone compounds and methods of use thereof
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The present invention provides novel tricyclic spiro-oxathiine naphthoquinone derivatives, a synthetic method for making the derivatives, and the use of the derivatives to induce cell death and/or to inhibit proliferation of cancer or precancerous cells. The naphthoquinone derivatives of the present invention are related to the compound known as β-lapachone (3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho(1,2-b)pyran-5,6-dione).
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(2009/05/29)
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- 1H-INDOL-1-YL-UREA COMPOUNDS
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Compounds of formula (I): wherein: R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched (C1-C6)alkyl group, R3 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, a linear or branched (C1-C6)alkyl group, or a linear or branched (C1-C6)alkoxy group, Het represents a pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or piperidyl group, which are optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, linear or branched (C1-C6)alkyl and linear or branched (C1-C6)alkoxy, —represents a single bond or a double bond, their enantiomers and diastereoisomers, and also addition salts thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base. Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in the treatment of depression, anxiety, disorders of memory in the course of aging and/or neurodegenerative diseases, and in the palliative treatment of Parkinson's disease, and for adaptation to stress.
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Page/Page column 3-4; 5
(2009/07/18)
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- UREA COMPOUND OR SALT THEREOF
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[Object] To provide a compound which can be used for the treatment of a disease associated with fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), particularly urinary frequency, urinary incontinence and/or overactive bladder. [Means for solution] It is confirmed that a urea compound chemical-structurally characterized by having a piperidine or piperazine ring or a salt thereof has an excellent FAAH-inhibitory activity, and thus the present invention is completed. The urea compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the present invention can increase the effective bladder capacity and ameliorate the state of urinary frequency, and is therefore useful as an agent for treating urinary frequency, urinary incontinence and/or overactive bladder.
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Page/Page column 35
(2009/06/27)
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- Sulfate recognition by persistent crystalline capsules with rigidified hydrogen-bonding cavities
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Locked up: The sulfate anion is selectively encapsulated into rigid hydrogen-bonded capsules upon crystallization of a simple and flexible urea-functionalized ligand in the presence of Mg2+ ions and water (see structure; sulfate: space-filling).The resulting framework persists in the presence of different-shaped anions, allowing the shape selectivity of hydrogen-bonding hosts to be evaluated, and providing a simple way to separate the environmentally relevant sulfate from highly competitive mixtures of aqueous anions.
- Custelcean, Radu,Remy, Priscilla,Bonnesen, Peter V.,Jiang, De-En,Moyer, Bruce A.
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p. 1866 - 1870
(2008/12/22)
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- Substituted 2,2-bisaryl-bicycloheptanes as novel and potent inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein
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The discovery and SAR of a novel series of substituted 2,2-bisaryl-bicycloheptane inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) are herein described. SAR studies have shown that 2,5-substitution on the exo-aryl group is optimal for potency. The most potent compounds in this series have an ortho-nitrogen aryl linked with a methyleneoxy as the 5-substituent and a polar group such as a urethane as the 2-substituent. One of the most potent compounds identified is the 5-benzothiazolymethoxy-2-pyridinylcarbamate derivative 2 (FLAP IC50 = 2.8 nM) which blocks 89% of ragweed induced urinary LTE4 production in dogs (at an I.V. dose of 2.5 μg/kg/min). This compound inhibits calcium ionophore stimulated LTB4 production in both human polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes and human whole blood (IC50 = 2.0 and 33 nM, respectively).
- Macdonald, Dwight,Brideau, Christine,Chan, Chi Chung,Falgueyret, Jean-Pierre,Frenette, Richard,Guay, Jocelyne,Hutchinson, John H.,Perrier, Helene,Prasit, Peptiboon,Riendeau, Denis,Tagari, Philip,Therien, Michel,Young, Robert N.,Girard, Yves
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p. 2023 - 2027
(2008/12/23)
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- NOVEL LAPACHONE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
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The present invention provides novel tricyclic spiro-oxathiine naphthoquinone derivatives, a synthetic method for making the derivatives, and the use of the derivatives to induce cell death and/or to inhibit proliferation of cancer or precancerous cells. The naphthoquinone derivatives of the present invention are related to the compound known as β-lapachone (3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H- naphtho(l ,2-b)pyran-5 ,6-dione).
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Page/Page column 90
(2008/06/13)
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- (+)-(2R,5S)-4-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,5-dimethyl-N-[6- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]piperazine-1-carboxamide (YM580) as an orally potent and peripherally selective nonsteroidal androgen receptor antagonist
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A novel series of trans-N-aryl-2,5-dimethylpiperazine-1-carboxamide derivatives was synthesized and their androgen receptor (AR) antagonist activities and in vivo antiandrogenic effects were evaluated. Pharmacological assays indicated that compound 33 was a potent AR antagonist, and subsequent optical resolution provided (+)-(2R,5S)4-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2, 5-dimethyl-N-[6(triflouromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]piperazine-1-carboxamide (33a, YM580) which exhibited the most potent antiandrogenic activity. Unlike bicalutamide, compound 33a decreased the weight of rat ventral prostate in a dose-dependent manner (ED50 = 2.2 mg/kg/day), and induced the maximum antiandrogenic effect, comparable to that of surgical castration, without significantly affecting serum testosterone levels. Compound 33a is a promising clinical candidate for prostate cancer monotherapy.
- Kinoyama, Isao,Taniguchi, Nobuaki,Toyoshima, Akira,Nozawa, Eisuke,Kamikubo, Takashi,Imamura, Masakazu,Matsuhisa, Akira,Samizu, Kiyohiro,Kawanimani, Eiji,Niimi, Tatsuya,Hamada, Noritaka,Koutoku, Hiroshi,Furutani, Takashi,Kudoh, Masafumi,Okada, Minoru,Ohta, Mitsuaki,Tsukamoto, Shin-Ichi
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p. 716 - 726
(2007/10/03)
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- Pharmacophore based receptor modeling: The case of adenosine A3 receptor antagonists. An approach to the optimization of protein models
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To design and synthesize new potent and selective antagonists of the human A3 adenosine receptor, pharmacophoric hypotheses were generated with the software Catalyst for a comprehensive set of compounds retrieved from previous literature. Three of these pharmacophores were used to drive the optimization of a molecular model of the receptor built by homology modeling. The alignment of the ligands proposed by Catalyst was then used to manually dock a set of known A3 antagonists into the binding site, and as a result, the model was able to explain the different binding mode of very active compounds with respect to less active ones and to reproduce, with good accuracy, free energies of binding. The docking highlighted that the nonconserved residue Tyr254 could play an important role for A3 selectivity, suggesting that a mutagenesis study on this residue could be of interest in this respect. The reliability of the whole approach was successfully tested by rational design and synthesis of new compounds.
- Tafi, Andrea,Bernardini, Cesare,Botta, Maurizio,Corelli, Federico,Andreini, Matteo,Martinelli, Adriano,Ortore, Gabriella,Baraldi, Pier Giovanni,Fruttarolo, Francesca,Borea, Pier Andrea,Tuccinardi, Tiziano
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p. 4085 - 4097
(2007/10/03)
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- Syntheses of ureas
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The present invention provides intermediates, synthetic methods and novel urea compositions of matter.
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Page/Page column 21
(2010/02/15)
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- 2-Arylureidobenzoic Acids: Selective Noncompetitive Antagonists for the Homomeric Kainate Receptor Subtype GluR5
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A series of 2-arylureidobenzoic acids (AUBAs) was prepared by a short and effective synthesis, and the pharmacological activity at glutamate receptors was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The compounds showed noncompetitive antagonistic activity at the kainate receptor subtype GluR5. The most potent compounds showed more than 50-fold selectivity for GluR5 compared to GluR6 and the AMPA receptor subtypes GluR1-4. The structure-activity relationships for the AUBAs showed distinct structural requirements for the substituents on the two aromatic ring systems. Only para-substituents were tolerated on the benzoic acid moiety (ring A), whereas ring B tolerated a variety of substituents, but with a preference for lipophilic substituents. The most potent compounds had a 4-chloro substituent on ring A and 3-chlorobenzene (6b), 2-naphthalene (8h), or 2-indole (8k) as ring B and had IC50 values of 1.3, 1.2, and 1.2 μM, respectively, in a functional GluR5 assay. Compound 6c (IC50 = 4.8 μM at GluR5) showed activity in the in vivo ATPA rigidity test, indicating that 6c has better pharmacokinetic properties than 8h, which was inactive in this test. The AUBAs are the first example of a series of noncompetitive GluR5-selective antagonists and may prove to be important pharmacological tools and leads in the search for therapeutic glutamatergic agents.
- Valgeirsson, Jon,Nielsen, Elsebet ?.,Peters, Dan,Varming, Thomas,Mathiesen, Claus,Kristensen, Anders S.,Madsen, Ulf
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p. 5834 - 5843
(2007/10/03)
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- Liposomal imexon
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Disclosed are novel compositions comprising a lipid and imexon or a derivative thereof. Also disclosed are liposomal compositions comprising imexon or a derivative thereof. Methods for administrating pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising a lipid and imexon or a derivative thereof for the treatment of diseases, such as cancer, are also disclosed herein.
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- Propane-1,3-dione derivatives
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Provided is a pharmaceutical composition containing a propane-1,3-dione derivative as the active ingredient, particularly a GnRH receptor antagonist. Also, provided is a propane-1,3-dione derivative having a GnRH antagonistic effect.
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Page/Page column 26
(2008/06/13)
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- Genipin derivative having liver protection activity
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The present invention relates to novel genipin derivatives which have an excellent liver protection activity with little cytotoxicity, and these compounds are so stable in vivo that they do not induce any side effects.
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- Substituted analogues of GV150526 as potent glycine binding site antagonists in animal models of cerebral ischemia
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A series of analogues of the indole-2-carboxylate GV150526, currently in clinical trials as a potential neuroprotective agent for the control of the cerebral damage after stroke onset, was designed based on previous studies dealing with the electronic features of the north-east region of the glycine binding site associated with the NMDA receptor. In particular, the substitution of the para position of the terminal phenyl ring of GV150526 with suitable hydrophilic groups resulted in the identification of a new class of glycine antagonists. These compounds exhibited nanomolar in vitro affinity to the glycine binding site, high receptor selectivity, and outstanding in vivo potency. In particular, 3-[(E)-2-[(4- ureidomethylphenyl)aminocarbonyl]ethenyl]-4,6-dichloroindole-2-carboxylic acid was found to be highly effective in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model in the rat, an animal model of focal ischemia, when given both prior to and after the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Notably, a significant neuroprotective effect was seen in this model postischamia, when the administration of this compound was delayed up to 6 h from the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, further confirming the wide therapeutic window seen for GV150526A.
- Di Fabio, Romano,Conti, Nadia,De Magistris, Elisabetta,Feriani, Aldo,Provera, Stefano,Sabbatini, Fabio Maria,Reggiani, Angelo,Rovatti, Luca,Barnaby, Robert J.
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p. 3486 - 3493
(2007/10/03)
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- 1,3-Disubstituted benzazepines as neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor antagonists
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A novel class of potent and selective non-peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor antagonists, having benzazepine nuclei, have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for activity. Through a blind screening we found the compound 1-N-(3-(N' -(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)benzyl)-7-methoxy-3-(3)-methylureido)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-benzazepin-2-one (9: IC50 =1.6 μM). Chemical modifications of 9 gave a potent NPY Y1 antagonist 3-(N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N0 -methylguanidino)-1-N-(3-(N'-(tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)benzyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-benzazepin-2-one (14c: IC50 =43 nM), which had no affnity for NPY Y2 and Y5 receptors. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Murakami, Yasushi,Hagishita, Sanji,Okada, Tetsuo,Kii, Makoto,Hashizume, Hiroshi,Yagami, Tatsuroh,Fujimoto, Masafumi
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p. 1703 - 1714
(2007/10/03)
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- Model studies on a synthetically facile series of N-substituted phenyl-N'-pyridin-3-yl ureas leading to 1-(3-pyridylcarbamoyl) indolines that are potent and selective 5-HT(2C/2B) receptor antagonists
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A model series of 5-HT(2C) antagonists have been prepared by rapid parallel synthesis. These N-substituted phenyl-N'-pyridin-3-yl ureas were found to have a range of 5-HT(2C) receptor affinities and selectivities over the closely related 5-HT(2A) receptor. Extrapolation of simple SAR, derived from this set of compounds, to the more active but synthetically more complex 1-(3-pyridyl-carbamoyl)indoline series allowed us to target optimal substitution patterns and identify potent and selective 5-HT(2C/2B) antagonists. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Bromidge, Steven M.,Dabbs, Steven,Davies, David T.,Davies, Susannah,Duckworth, D.Malcolm,Forbes, Ian T.,Gadre, Angela,Ham, Peter,Jones, Graham E.,King, Frank D.,Saunders, Damian V.,Thewlis, Kevin M.,Vyas, Deepa,Blackburn, Thomas P.,Holland, Vicky,Kennett, Guy A.,Riley, Graham J.,Wood, Martyn D.
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p. 2767 - 2773
(2007/10/03)
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- Tricyclic amide and urea compounds useful for inhibition of g-protein function and for treatment of proliferative diseases
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A method of inhibiting Ras function and therefore inhibiting the abnormal growth of cells is disclosed. The method comprises the administration of a compound of Formula 1.0: STR1 to a biological system. In particular, the method inhibits the abnormal growth of cells in a mammal such as a human being. Novel compounds of formulas 5.0, 5.1 and 5.2, wherein R is --C(R20)(R21)(R46), and 5.3, 5.3A and 5.3B, wherein R is --N(R25)(R48), are disclosed. Also disclosed are processes for making 3-substituted compounds of Formulas 5.0, 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3. Further disclosed are novel compounds which are intermediates in the process for making 3-substituted compounds of Formulas 5.0, 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3.
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- Novel and selective 5-HT(2C/2B) receptor antagonists as potential anxiolytic agents: Synthesis, quantitative structure - Activity relationships, and molecular modeling of substituted 1-(3- pyridylcarbamoyl)indolines
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The synthesis, biological activity, and molecular modeling of a novel series of substituted 1-(3-pyridylcarbamoyl)indolines are reported. These compounds are isosteres of the previously published indole urea 1 (SB- 206553) and illustrate the use of aromatic disubstitution as a replacement for fused five-membered rings in the context of 5-HT(2C/2B) receptor antagonists. By targeting a region of space previously identified as sterically allowed at the 5-HT(2C) receptor but disallowed at the 5-HT(2A) receptor, we have identified a number of compounds which are the most potent and selective 5-HT(2C/2B) receptor antagonists yet reported. 46 (SB-221284) was selected on the basis of its overall biological profile for further evaluation as a novel, potential nonsedating anxiolytic agent. A CoMFA analysis of these compounds produced a model with good predictive value and in addition good qualitative agreement with both our 5-HT(2C) receptor model and our proposed binding mode for this class of ligands within that model.
- Bromidge, Steven M.,Dabbs, Steven,Davies, David T.,Duckworth, D. Malcolm,Forbes, Ian T.,Ham, Peter,Jones, Graham E.,King, Frank D.,Saunders, Damian V.,Starr, Susannah,Thewlis, Kevin M.,Wyman, Paul A.,Blaney, Frank E.,Naylor, Christopher B.,Bailey, Fiona,Blackburn, Thomas P.,Holland, Vicky,Kennett, Guy A.,Riley, Graham J.,Wood, Martyn D.
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p. 1598 - 1612
(2007/10/03)
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- Tricyclic amide and urea compounds useful for inhibition of G-protein function and for treatment of proliferative diseases
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Novel compounds of Formula (7.0a), (7.0b) or (7.0c): STR1 are disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of inhibiting Ras function and therefore inhibiting the abnormal growth of cells. The method comprises administering a compound of the formula (7.0a), (7.0b) or (7.0c) to a biological system. In particular, the method inhibits the abnormal growth of cells in a mammal such as a human being.
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- Intramolecular Cyclizations of Allenic Acylureas and -amides
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Allenic acids are found to add to dicyclohexylcarbodiimide affording, in the presence of Et2NH, the 4H-1,3-oxazin-4-ones 5 via 4.Under neutral conditions, they add to diaryl- or pyridyl(cyclohexyl)carbodiimides and triphenylketene imine to give the corresponding tricyclo(5.2.2.0 1,5)undeca-4,4,10-trien-3-ones 7,8,9, and 12.The allenic phenyl ester 13a dimerises, on heating in a (2+2) head-to-head fashion, to 14 but fails to undergo intramolecular Diels-Alder cyclization to 15.
- Trifonov, Latchezar S.,Oharovats, Alexander S.
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p. 262 - 270
(2007/10/02)
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