23978-09-8

Basic information

• Product Name: Kryptofix 222
• Synonyms: 2,2,2-CRYPT;2,2,2-CRYPTAND;2,2,2-CRYPTATE;4,7,13,16,21,24-HEXAOXA-1,10-DIAZABICYCLO[8.8.8]HEXACOSANE;KRYPTAND 222;KRYPTOFIX 222;KRYPTOFIX(R) 222;CRYPTOFIX 222
• CAS NO: 23978-09-8
• Molecular Formula: C₁₈H₃₆N₂O₆
• Molecular Weight: 376.49
• EINECS: 245-962-4
• Product Categories: FDG Chemicals;Azacrown Ethers;Crown Ethers;Functional Materials;Macrocycles for Host-Guest Chemistry;Crown EthersStable Isotopes;Chelation/Complexation Compounds;PET;Synthetic Reagents
• Mol File: 23978-09-8.mol
• Article Data: 25

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 68-71 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 505.03°C (rough estimate)
• Flash Point: 144.2 °C
• Appearance: Colourless crystals
• Density: 1.1888 (rough estimate)
• Vapor Pressure: 1.22E-10mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.5700 (estimate)
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly, Heated)
• PKA: 7.21±0.20(Predicted)
• Water Solubility: soluble
• BRN: 620282
• CAS DataBase Reference: Kryptofix 222(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Kryptofix 222(23978-09-8)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Kryptofix 222(23978-09-8)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi,Xn
• Statements: 36/37/38-22
• Safety Statements: 26-36-36/37/39
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: MP4750000
• Hazardous Substances Data: 23978-09-8(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Kryptofix 222, also known as 2,2,2-Crypt, is a colorless crystalline compound that plays a significant role in various chemical and pharmaceutical applications. It is known for its ability to form complexes with metal ions, making it a valuable component in the synthesis of hybrid metal-organic salts.

Uses

1. Used in the Synthesis of Hybrid Metal-Organic Salts:
Kryptofix 222 is used as a complexing agent for metal ions in the synthesis of hybrid metal-organic salts. Its ability to form stable complexes with these ions contributes to the development of new materials with potential applications in various fields.
2. Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Kryptofix 222 is used as an impurity in the preparation of Fludeoxyglucose (D232570), a D-Glucose (G595000) derivative. Fludeoxyglucose is utilized in the synthesis of sugar nucleotides and oligosaccharides, which are essential components in the pharmaceutical industry for the development of drugs targeting various diseases.

InChI:InChI=1/C18H36N2O6/c1-7-21-13-14-24-10-4-20-5-11-25-17-15-22-8-2-19(1)3-9-23-16-18-26-12-6-20/h1-18H2/p+2

Upstream product

• 17455-13-9 18-crown-6 ether 
• 33089-36-0 1,4,7,10,13,16,10-heptaoxacyclohenicosane 
• 31250-06-3 cryptand 211 
• 31364-42-8 kryptofix 221 
• 23978-55-4 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane 
• 24951-52-8 4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diaza-bicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane-2,9-dione 
• 71514-37-9 {Eu_.cntnd.2.2.1}⁽³⁺⁾ 
• 51156-84-4 Tl(cryptand(2,2,2))⁽¹⁺⁾ 
• 71514-32-4 Sm⁽³⁺⁾*C₁₈H₃₆O₆N₂={Sm(C₁₈H₃₆O₆N₂)}⁽³⁺⁾ 
• 929-59-9 3,6-dioxa-1,8-diaminooctane 
• 19249-03-7 triethylene glycol di-(p-toluenesulfonate) 

Downstream Products

• 5331-73-7 ethyl (Z)-3-ethoxybut-2-enoate 
• 57592-45-7 ethyl (E)-3-ethoxy-2-butenoate 
• 1619-57-4 ethyl 2,2-diethyl-3-oxobutanoate 
• 607-97-6 ethyl 2-ethyl-3-oxobutanoate 
• 138272-64-7 4,7,13,16,21,24-Hexaoxa-1,10-diaza-bicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane; compound with 2-amino-3-phenyl-propionic acid 
• 138272-64-7 4,7,13,16,21,24-Hexaoxa-1,10-diaza-bicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane; compound with (S)-2-amino-3-phenyl-propionic acid 
• 138272-64-7 4,7,13,16,21,24-Hexaoxa-1,10-diaza-bicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane; compound with (R)-2-amino-3-phenyl-propionic acid 
• 95784-26-2 potassium(1+) 4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo<8.8.8>hexacosane picrate 
• 31250-06-3 cryptand 211 
• 17455-13-9 18-crown-6 ether 

Relevant articles and documents

Cryptand Exchange Kinetics

The rate constants for some reactions between a metal cryptate MCry1n+ and a free cryptand Cry2 has been determined.For the case when Mn+ = Tl+, Ca2+, Cry1 = (2,2,2), (2B,2,2) and Cry2 = (2,2,1) in water or water-methanol mixtures, the observed rate constant correspond to that of the dissociation of MCry1n+.However, the exchange reactions Pb(2,1,1)2+ + (2,2,1) and Pb(2,1,1)2+ + (2,2,2) in MeOH present rates that are much larger than the dissociation rate of Pb(2,1,1)2+.A mechanism involving a bimolecular reaction between cryptate and free cryptand is proposed.

Kinetics of Dissociation of Potassium and Thallium Cryptates

The kinetics of dissociation of thallium cryptates (222Tl)+ and (221Tl)+ was studied in water and in methanol-water (90:10) over the range of temperatures 5-35 deg C.The kinetic behavoirs of (222Tl)+ and (222K)+ in water were compared.For the direct dissociation process the kinetic results have shown a similar behavior of (222K)+ and (222Tl)+ in water.A less solvating medium (methanol-water) than water leads to slower dissociation rates of the thallium cryptates studied.The acid-catalyzed dissociation path differentiates significantly, in terms of rate constants and activation parameters, the behavior of (222K)+ and (222Tl)+ in acidic aqueous medium.

Complex Formation of Alkaline-Earth Cations with Crown Ethers and Cryptands in Methanol Solutions

The complexation of alkaline-earth cations by different crown ethers, azacrown ethers, and cryptands has been studied in methanol solutions by means of calorimetric and potentiometric titratios.The smallest monocyclic ligands examined form 2:1 complexes (ratio of ligand to cation) with cations which are too large to fit into the ligand cavity.With the smallest cryptand, only Sr2+ and Ba2+ ions are able to form exclusive complexes.In the case of the reaction of cryptand (211) with Ca2+, a separate estimation of stability constants for the formation of exclusive and inclusive complexes was possible for the first time.Higher values for stability constants are found for the reaction of alkaline-earth cations with cryptands compared to the reaction with alkali ions.This increase is only caused by favorable entropic contributions.

Preparation method of amino polyether (2.2.2)

The invention belongs to the technical field of cryptand preparation, and concretely relates to a preparation method of amino polyether (2.2.2). The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking triglycol and paratoluensulfonyl chloride as raw materials, triethylene glycol di(p-toluenesulfonate) is obtained through a nucleophilic reaction, and then the material is subjected to a reaction with 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)di(ethylamine), and through complexation and recrystallization, the amino polyether (2.2.2) is obtained; the reaction condition is mild and simple, a synthesis period can reduced to 27 h, the overall yield is no lower than 49%, and the method has the beneficial effects of short reaction period and high yield.

Photocurable resin composition, dry film thereof, pattern forming method, and electrical/electronic part protective film

A photocurable composition includes: (A) an epoxy group-containing polymer compound having repeating units represented by the following formula (1), where R1 to R4 are each a hydrocarbon group, m is an integer of 1 to 100, a, b, c and d are each 0 or a positive number, such that 0 (c+d)/(a+b+c+d) ≤ 1.0, and X and Y are each the formula (2) or (3), provided that at least one group of the formula (3) is present, (B) a photoacid generator represented by the formula (8) and (C) a solvent.

POSITIVE RESIST COMPOSITION AND PATTERNING PROCESS

A positive resist composition comprises (A) a resin component which becomes soluble in an alkaline developer under the action of an acid and (B) an acid generator. The resin (A) is a polymer comprising recurring units containing a non-leaving hydroxyl group represented by formula (1) wherein R1 is H, methyl or trifluoromethyl, X is a single bond or methylene, m is 1 or 2, and the hydroxyl group attaches to a secondary carbon atom. The composition is improved in resolution when processed by lithography.