696-44-6Relevant articles and documents
Novel hybrid conjugates with dual estrogen receptor α degradation and histone deacetylase inhibitory activities for breast cancer therapy
Zhao, Chenxi,Tang, Chu,Li, Changhao,Ning, Wentao,Hu, Zhiye,Xin, Lilan,Zhou, Hai-Bing,Huang, Jian
, (2021/05/10)
Hormone therapy targeting estrogen receptors is widely used clinically for the treatment of breast cancer, such as tamoxifen, but most of them are partial agonists, which can cause serious side effects after long-term use. The use of selective estrogen receptor down-regulators (SERDs) may be an effective alternative to breast cancer therapy by directly degrading ERα protein to shut down ERα signaling. However, the solely clinically used SERD fulvestrant, is low orally bioavailable and requires intravenous injection, which severely limits its clinical application. On the other hand, double- or multi-target conjugates, which are able to synergize antitumor activity by different pathways, thus may enhance therapeutic effect in comparison with single targeted therapy. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel dual-functional conjugates targeting both ERα degradation and histone deacetylase inhibiton by combining a privileged SERD skeleton 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane sulfonamide (OBHSA) with a histone deacetylase inhibitor side chain. We found that substituents on both the sulfonamide nitrogen and phenyl group of OBHSA unit had significant effect on biological activities. Among them, conjugate 16i with N-methyl and naphthyl groups exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells, and excellent ERα degradation activity and HDACs inhibitory ability. A further molecular docking study indicated the interaction patterns of these conjugates with ERα, which may provide guidance to design novel SERDs or PROTAC-like SERDs for breast cancer therapy.
Additive-freeN-methylation of amines with methanol over supported iridium catalyst
Liu, Xiang,Loh, Teck-Peng,Qiang, Wenwen,Wang, Jing,Ye, Sen,Zhu, Longfei
, p. 3364 - 3375 (2021/06/06)
An efficient and versatile zinc oxide-supported iridium (Ir/ZnO) catalyst was developed to catalyze the additive-freeN-methylation of amines with methanol. Mechanistic studies suggested that the high catalytic reactivity is rooted in the small sizes (1.4 nm) of Ir nanoparticles and the high ratio (93%) of oxidized iridium species (IrOx, Ir3+and Ir4+) on the catalyst. Moreover, the delicate cooperation between the IrOxand ZnO support also promoted its high reactivity. The selectivity of this catalyticN-methylation was controllable between dimethylation and monomethylation by carefully tuning the catalyst loading and reaction solvent. Specifically, neat methanol with high catalyst loading (2 mol% Ir) favored the formation ofN,N-dimethylated amine, while the mesitylene/methanol mixture with low catalyst loading (0.5 mol% Ir) was prone to producing mono-N-methylated amines. An environmentally benign continuous flow system with a recycled mode was also developed for the efficient production ofN-methylated amines. With optimal flow rates and amine concentrations, a variety ofN-methylamines were produced with good to excellent yields in this Ir/ZnO-based flow system, providing a starting point for the clean and efficient production ofN-methylamines with this cost-effective chemical process.
Effect of the ancillary ligand in N-heterocyclic carbene iridium(III) catalyzed N-alkylation of amines with alcohols
Feng, Xinshu,Huang, Ming
, (2021/06/21)
A series of air-stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) Ir(III) complexes (Ir1-6), bearing various combinations of chlorine, pyridine and NHC ligands, were assayed for the N-alkylation of amines with alcohols. It was found that Ir3, with two monodentate 1,3-bis-methyl-imidazolylidene (IMe) ligands, emerged as the most active complex. A large variety of amines and primary alcohols were efficiently converted into mono-N-alkylated amines in 53–96% yields. As a special highlight, for the challenging MeOH, selective N-monomethylation could be achieved using KOH as a base under an air atmosphere. Moreover, this catalytic system was successfully applied to the gram-scale synthesis of some valuable compounds.